Alopecia hauv dev

Alopecia yog dab tsi? Alopecia yog ib tug pathological plaub hau poob. Muaj focal thiab qhov txawv, ntau thiab ib leeg, inflammatory thiab non-inflammatory, symmetrical thiab tsis. Qhov teeb meem no muaj ntau heev hauv cov dev. Hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv dermatology, nws nyob qib thib ob tom qab khaus, txawm tias nws tuaj yeem ua ke nrog nws.

Cov tsos mob ntawm alopecia

Tus tswv tuaj yeem pom thaj chaw tsis muaj plaub hau ntawm tus tsiaj daim tawv nqaij. Tsis yog-inflammatory alopecia yog tus yam ntxwv tsuas yog tsis muaj cov plaub hau thiab undercoat. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, daim tawv nqaij hauv cheeb tsam no zoo li noj qab nyob zoo. Nrog inflammatory alopecia, khaus yog feem ntau tshwm sim, cov cai yog reddened, ntau yam formations yuav pom tau: crusts, yaig, rwj, papules thiab pustules. Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm alopecia cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob hauv lub cev, cov tsos mob ntxiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim, piv txwv li, lethargy, tsis qab los noj mov.

Kev faib tawm ntawm hom alopecia

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev faib tawm ntawm alopecia hauv dev:

• los ntawm keeb kwm (inflammatory thiab non-inflammatory);
• los ntawm localization (multifocal, symmetrically bilateral, hauv zos);
• los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm manifestation (congenital thiab kis tau).

Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim hom alopecia tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev faib tawm, ntau qhov ua rau thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.

Ua rau pom 

Tag nrho cov ntau yam ua rau alopecia tuaj yeem txo mus rau ob pawg. Alopecia tshwm sim los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no:

• hormonal;
• tsis hormonal.

Cov pab pawg no muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv - nrog rau kev ua haujlwm hormonal, tsim ntawm symmetrically nyob foci tau sau tseg. Nrog rau qhov tsis-hormonal xwm ntawm alopecia, lub foci yog random nyob. Kev tsis haum tshuaj rau kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj los yog ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev qhia txog tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho kev tsom xam. Tsis yog-hormonal ua rau cov plaub hau poob hauv dev muaj xws li:

• kev tsis haum tshuaj (zaub mov, tshuaj, quav nyab ua npaws, tiv tauj, tom ntawm cov kab mob nqus ntshav);
• kab mob thiab kab mob fungal;
• kab mob parasitic;
• o ntawm cov qog ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
• depigmentation ntawm daim tawv nqaij (vitiligo);
• zinc tsis txaus.

Hom thiab ua rau alopecia

Muaj ntau ntau hom thiab ua rau alopecia. Xav txog ob qho tib si feem ntau thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Kuj tseem muaj ntau tus alopecia uas tsis tuaj yeem kho lossis tsis xav tau kev kho mob.

• Kab mob. Feem ntau ua rau alopecia. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov culprits tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog dev mub thiab demodectic mites, uas ua rau khaus thiab nws tus kheej induced (self-combed) alopecia, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam kab: yoov, midges, yoov tshaj cum.

• Atopic dermatitis. Vim khaus, tus dev kis alopecia, feem ntau asymmetric thiab inflammatory. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog cov kab mob (thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob nws yog erythema, tom qab ntawd, raws li txoj cai, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thib ob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob mus ntev yuav raug ntxiv - lichenification thiab hyperpigmentation) nyob rau ntawm lub muzzle (nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag, ntawm lub qhov muag. daim di ncauj), nyob rau hauv lub puab tsaig thiab armpits, nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov quav, thiab nyob rau hauv lub interdigital qhov chaw thiab lub auditory kwj dej. Thiab ntawm chav kawm khaus.

• Dermatophytosis. Dermatophytosis yog ib qho kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, plaub hau, thiab cov rau tes los ntawm fungi ntawm genus Microsporum, Trichophiton, los yog Epidermophyton. Cov tsos mob classic muaj xws li thaj tsam ntawm alopecia thiab scaling, feem ntau ntawm lub ntsej muag, taub hau, thiab ko taw. Kev khaus thiab o feem ntau yog tsawg, tab sis qee zaus cov ntaub ntawv pruritic, pustular, thiab crusty tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua xua, parasitosis, miliary dermatitis, pyoderma, lossis pemphigus foliaceus.

• Alopecia X. X (X) – txij li qhov tseeb ntawm kev loj hlob tseem tsis tau paub. Nws feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv spitz-zoo li dev. Alopecia yog non-inflammatory hauv xwm. Cov plaub hau poob ntau dua ntawm tus Tsov tus tw thiab lub cev.

• Alopecia tom qab txiav plaub hau. Tsim nyob rau hauv dev tom qab tshuab clipping. Cov laj thawj tsis meej kiag li. Alopecia yog non-inflammatory. Tej zaum yuav tsis zoo li qub, sib txawv kom muaj nuj nqis. Wool pib loj hlob ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab 3-6 lub hlis.

• Tension alopecia. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev nruj nruj ntawm cov ntaub plaub. Tej zaum yuav txuam nrog kev tsim ntawm tangles. Nws kuj tshwm sim hauv cov dev uas muaj lawv cov ponytails thiab pigtails khi nruj heev ntawm lawv lub taub hau, xws li Yorkshire Terriers thiab Maltese. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem protracted, cov plaub hau yuav tsis loj hlob rov qab.

• Alopecia cyclic lateral. Nws yog feem ntau characterized los ntawm caij nyoog, tshwm nyob rau hauv lig Autumn thiab loj hlob ntaub plaub los ze zog mus rau lub caij ntuj sov. Defeat zoo li daim ntawv qhia thaj chaw. Kev kho mob tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua.

• Diluted alopecia. autoimmune pathology uas tsis xav tau kev kho mob. Nws feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv cov dev nrog ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm ntaub plaub - lilac, xiav.

• Alopecia qauv. Noninflammatory alopecia. Qee zaum yuav muaj me ntsis tev ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov khoom ua si, dachshunds, Italian Greyhounds, Whippets, Boston Terriers feem ntau raug mob. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm hypotrichosis thiab alopecia twb tshwm sim thaum tseem hluas thiab tej zaum yuav loj hlob dhau sijhawm. Tus kab mob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm symmetry ntawm cov kab mob txwv rau qee qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Muaj peb lub ntsiab mob hauv cov qauv alopecia: pinna alopecia, ventral alopecia, thiab caudal thigh alopecia. Tsis tas yuav kho.

• Follicular dysplasia ntawm cov plaub hau. Nws yog ib yam kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj, lig-tsim kab mob nyob rau hauv uas dysfunction ntawm lub follicles ua rau ob qho tib si focal plaub hau thiab ib tug generalized cuam tshuam ntawm cov plaub hau qauv. Tsis muaj kev kho tshwj xeeb rau follicular dysplasia. Kev kho mob yog ua raws li kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom tswj cov tawv nqaij ib txwm rov ua dua tshiab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm follicular, nrog rau kev tswj cov kab mob thib ob. 

• Alopecia ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj. Feem ntau nws txhim kho nrog kev tswj hwm subcutaneous ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj progesterone, glucocorticosteroids lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vwm, nrog rau kev qhia txog qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob.

• Adenitis ntawm cov qog sebaceous. Me me mus rau hnyav flaking ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv cov dev plaub hau luv luv, cov nplais feem ntau nyias nyias thiab tsis ua kom nruj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv cov dev plaub hau ntev, cov nplais yog nruj nreem txuas rau cov plaub hau, thiab lub tsho tiv no yuav npub, qhuav, los yog matted; feem ntau muaj follicular cam khwb cia. Islet (hauv cov plaub hau luv luv) lossis diffuse (hauv cov plaub hau ntev) alopecia feem ntau pom. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv Poodles thiab Akitas, tab sis tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv txhua hom.

• Hyperestrogenism. Kev nce hauv poj niam cov tshuaj hormones hauv cov txiv neej tuaj yeem ua rau alopecia lossis hypotrichosis, feem ntau ntawm lub plab thiab hauv puab tais. Kuj tseem muaj sagging ntawm prepuce, hyperplasia ntawm cov qog mammary.

• Hyperadrenocorticism. Nrog hyperfunction ntawm cov qog adrenal, lub plab sags, cov leeg nqaij atrophy, thiab symmetrical non-inflammatory alopecia tshwm sim.

• Hypothyroidism. Ib qho kev txo qis hauv cov thyroid hormones ua rau cov tsos ntawm baldness. Alopecia nrog thickened, hyperpigmented, thiab txias ntawm daim tawv nqaij (myxedema) yog cov tsos mob classic. Cov teeb meem dermatological muaj xws li qhuav, nkig, npub tsho, seborrhea, scaling, hyperpigmentation, thiab lwm yam kab mob. Alopecia tej zaum yuav txwv rau tus Tsov tus tw thiab tus choj ntawm lub qhov ntswg.

• Zinc-dependent dermatosis hauv dev. Ib qho kab mob tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv cov dev uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus lossis cov txheeb ze zinc. Muaj ob lub syndromes ntawm tus kab mob no. Syndrome kuv tau pom nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov nrog ib txwm zinc cov ntsiab lus. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov ncauj, ob lub qhov muag, ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab pob ntseg, erythema, alopecia, tsim ntawm scabs (crusts), tev thiab suppuration raug soj ntsuam (nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob thib ob). Thaum pib, daim tawv nqaij raug mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub taub hau cheeb tsam, tab sis daim tawv nqaij lesions yog ua tau nyob rau hauv lub siab cov ntsiab lus - lub luj tshib, hocks, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos thiab qhov quav. Lub tsho tiv no yuav zoo li npub thiab qhuav. Nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev tsis muaj zinc, qhov hnyav tsis txaus, ua rau lub qhov txhab kho tsis zoo, o ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag thiab pob txha. 

diagnostics

Raws li koj tau pom lawm, muaj ntau yam teeb meem uas manifest alopecia. Ntau hom tsis tas yuav kho. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj mob tseem yuav tsum tau ua, vim nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kev txiav txim siab hom los ntawm qhov muag. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ua rau thiab hom alopecia, lawv siv cov qauv kev tshawb fawb dermatological, xws li daim tawv nqaij scrapings, Ntoo lub teeb ci, plaub hau trichoscopy los ntawm cov chaw noj qab haus huv. Kev kuaj mob cytological thiab histological ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav, ob qho tib si tus qauv thiab txhawm rau txhawm rau kuaj cov tshuaj hormones, ultrasound.

Kev kho mob

Kev kho mob yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov ua rau. Nyob ntawm qhov ua rau, nws muaj peev xwm sau tshuaj kho ectoparasites, tshem tawm cov khoom noj. Kev kho tshuaj hormones, yog tias tsim nyog. Rau kev kho mob ntawm x-alopecia, kev phais lossis tshuaj castration yog siv feem ntau, feem ntau nws muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua ib ntus xwb. Ntau tus tswv txiav txim siab tsis sim nrog kev kho mob, vim qhov teeb meem tsuas yog kev kho kom zoo nkauj xwb. Kev kho mob ntawm alopecia hnyav yuav tsum tshwm sim nrog kev koom tes ntawm kws kho tsiaj. Qee cov kab mob sib kis los yog kab mob endocrine tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus tsiaj, yog li tsis txhob nqa mus rau tus kheej noj tshuaj.