Haplochromis philander
Haplochromis philander, lub npe tshawb fawb Pseudocrenilabrus philander, belongs rau tsev neeg Cichlidae. Cov ntses zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam, cov txiv neej yog belligerent ntawm ib leeg thiab lwm yam hauv qab-tsev hom, yog li nrhiav cov neeg nyob ze yuav nyuaj. Raws li rau tej yam kev mob ntawm kev raug kaw, hom no yog suav hais tias yog heev unpretentious thiab hardy.
txheem
Chaw Nyob
Lawv tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ib feem ntawm African sab av loj hauv qab ntawm kab zauv thiab mus rau sab qab teb kawg nkaus. Lawv pom nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov xeev niaj hnub ntawm Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Angola, Namibia, Zambia, Tanzania, Botswana, Mozambique, Swaziland.
Lawv nyob hauv ntau lub biotopes, suav nrog cov kwj dej thiab dej ntws, pas dej, pas dej thiab karst reservoirs. Qee cov neeg nyob hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo.
Cov ntaub ntawv luv luv:
- Qhov ntim ntawm thoob dej yug ntses - los ntawm 110 litres.
- Kub - 22-25 ° C
- Tus nqi pH - 6.5-7.5
- Dej hardness - mos mus rau nruab nrab nyuaj (5-12 dGH)
- Substrate hom - xuab zeb los yog nplua gravel
- Teeb pom kev - subdued
- Brackish dej - tau nyob rau hauv tsawg heev concentrations
- Kev txav dej tsis muaj zog
- Qhov loj ntawm cov ntses yog 7-13 cm.
- Khoom noj - txhua yam
- Temperament - conditionally peace, tshwj tsis yog lub sij hawm spawning
- Khaws ib tug txiv neej thiab ntau tus poj niam hauv ib pab pawg
Hauj lwm
Cov neeg laus ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 7-13 cm. Cov txiv neej loj dua cov poj niam thiab muaj xim ntau dua, muaj xim daj thiab liab dorsal fin, ib qho chaw liab yog pom ntawm qhov quav fin. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm cov tsiaj yog qhov nthuav qhia xiav edging ntawm daim di ncauj ntawm lub qhov ncauj, zoo li tshwj xeeb summed nrog lipstick.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Txais cov khoom noj uas nrov tshaj plaws - qhuav, khov, nyob. Kev noj zaub mov txawv thiab / lossis khoom noj khoom haus zoo los ntawm cov tuam txhab paub zoo ua rau muaj qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm cov xim thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau tag nrho cov ntses.
Kev tu thiab tu, kev npaj ntawm lub thoob dej yug ntses
Rau ib khub ntses, koj yuav xav tau lub thoob dej yug ntses nrog qhov loj ntawm 110 litres lossis ntau dua. Tus tsim yog arbitrary raug raws li nram no tej yam kev mob: lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau chaw nyob (piv txwv li, qhov tsua, snags), xuab zeb los yog nplua gravel substrate, thickets ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Thaum siv cov nroj tsuag nyob, nws raug nquahu kom muab lawv tso rau hauv pots, txwv tsis pub Haplochromis philander feem ntau yuav rub lawv tawm hauv av.
Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob, cov dej zoo tshaj plaws tseem muaj thaj tsam nqaim: pH nyob ze me ntsis acidic lossis nruab nrab qhov tseem ceeb nrog me me mus rau nruab nrab dGH qib.
Kev saib xyuas thoob dej yug ntses los ntawm kev tu cov av tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov organic pov tseg thiab hloov pauv txhua lub lim tiam ntawm ib feem ntawm cov dej (15-20% ntawm qhov ntim) nrog dej tshiab.
Cwj Pwm thiab Compatibility
Tej zaum yuav ua phem rau lwm hom tsiaj nyob hauv qab ntawm lub thoob dej yug ntses, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub caij yug me nyuam. Yog tias koj xav khaws lwm cov dwarf cichlids, catfish, chars, thiab lwm yam ua ke, ces koj yuav xav tau ib lub tank loj (ntawm 400-500 liters). Hauv cov thoob dej yug ntses me, nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv cov ntses uas ua luam dej hauv kab dej los yog ze ntawm qhov chaw.
Intraspecific kev sib raug zoo yog tsim los ntawm dominance ntawm alpha txiv neej nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw, yog li khaws ob tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv ib tug me me tank yog tsis tsim nyog. Ib tug txiv neej thiab ib tug los yog ntau tshaj poj niam yog suav hais tias zoo.
Kev yug me nyuam
Kev yug me nyuam Haplochromis Philander hauv tsev thoob dej yug ntses tsis yog qhov nyuaj. Cov dej zoo rau thaum pib ntawm lub caij mating muaj qhov nruab nrab pH thiab qhov kub ntawm ib ncig ntawm 24 ° C. Yog tias koj pub zaub mov muaj sia, cov ntses yuav sai sai tuaj rau hauv lub xeev ntawm spawning.
Tus txiv neej nyob ib thaj chaw loj nyob ze rau hauv qab, txog 90 cm nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla, qhov chaw uas nws khawb ib tug so - lub yav tom ntej qhov chaw ntawm nteg, thiab pib nquag caw cov poj niam. Nws qhov kev ua tsis zoo yog qhov tsis zoo, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li pom zoo kom khaws ob peb tus poj niam kom cov txiv neej ardent faib.
Thaum cov neeg koom tes npaj txhij, lawv pib ib hom kev seev cev ze ntawm qhov chaw ua si ua ntej npaj rau hauv av. Tom qab ntawd tus poj niam nteg thawj feem ntawm cov qe thiab, tom qab fertilization, coj lawv mus rau hauv nws lub qhov ncauj, cov txheej txheem yog rov ua dua. Qee zaum, fertilization tshwm sim ncaj qha rau ntawm tus poj niam lub qhov ncauj. Qhov no yog ib qho evolutionarily tsim mechanism uas tiv thaiv yav tom ntej cov xeeb ntxwv nyob rau hauv ib tug heev sib tw chaw.
Nws raug nquahu kom hloov tus poj niam mus rau hauv ib lub thoob dej yug ntses nrog cov xwm txheej zoo tib yam txhawm rau tiv thaiv nws ntawm tus txiv neej. Tag nrho lub sij hawm incubation (kwv yees li 10 hnub) lub qe nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, thiab ces lawv pib ua luam dej dawb do. Txij ntawm no mus, tus poj niam tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lub thoob dej yug ntses.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias tom qab yug me nyuam, cov poj niam hloov xim, ua tsis tshua pom. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, lawv huddle nyob rau hauv me me shoals nyob rau hauv ntiav dej thiab nyob deb ntawm cov txiv neej txhoj puab heev.
Ntses kab mob
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau yog kev nyob tsis zoo thiab cov zaub mov tsis zoo. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob thawj zaug, koj yuav tsum kuaj xyuas cov dej tsis muaj dej thiab muaj qhov muaj siab ntawm cov khoom phom sij (ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, thiab lwm yam), yog tias tsim nyog, coj cov ntsuas rov qab mus rau qhov qub thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd pib kho. Nyeem ntxiv txog cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob hauv Aquarium Fish Diseases section.
