Sab saum toj 10 loj tshaj plaws sturgeons nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no

Tsev neeg sturgeon suav hais tias yog hom ntses muaj txiaj ntsig. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, thawj tiam tau tshwm sim 80 lab xyoo dhau los - hauv lub sijhawm prehistoric. Maj mam, vim tib neeg kev ua haujlwm, cov pej xeem tau tsawg dua, yog li feem ntau ntawm cov ntses uas yog cov tsev neeg "sturgeon" raug tiv thaiv nruj heev.

Sturgeons, ntawm uas muaj ntau tshaj 20 hom, xaiv ntsev, dej hiav txwv rau lub neej, tab sis nyiam spawn hauv dej tshiab. Lawv kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo li - lub cev ntawm tag nrho cov ntses uas yog "sturgeon" pawg yog elongated, thiab qhov nruab nrab qhov hnyav ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv dej hiav txwv tob ncav cuag 200 kg!

Peb coj los rau koj mloog cov saum 10 tus loj tshaj plaws sturgeons nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

10 sterlet

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 20 kg.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug fringe ntawm lub antennae yog dab tsi txawv sterlet los ntawm lawv cov kwv tij. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws mus txog rau kev puberty ntxov dua lwm tus. Nyiam dej tshiab rau lub neej, nyiam noj leeches, larvae, as well as invertebrates, tsawg zaus - ntses kib.

Raws li txoj cai, qhov loj ntawm tus neeg laus tsis pub tshaj 25 kg. Nyob rau hauv lub Baltic, Dub, Caspian thiab Azov hiav txwv.

Lub sterlet txawv ntawm cov xim nyob ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob, tab sis nws cov xim tseem ceeb tseem tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv - nws yog greyish rov qab thiab lub plab daj daj. Sterlet yog blunt-nosed thiab ntse-nosed. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntev antennae, ntxiv rau, cov ntses muaj qhov nthuav dav elongated qhov ntswg, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab.

9. dawb sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 20 kg.

Dawb (Aka Californian) sturgeon muaj lub ntsej muag thiab elongated. Nws tsis muaj nplai, zoo li txhua tus ntses "sturgeon". Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej amateur, cov tib neeg txog li 20 kg predominate, tab sis kuj pom cov qauv loj.

California sturgeon nyiam maj mam ntws ntws. Dawb sturgeon yog cov ntses hauv qab, nws noj thiab nyob hauv qhov tob tob. Kev tswj tsis tau nuv ntses tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias tus naj npawb ntawm sturgeon nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus basins tau txo los ntawm 70%. Tsoomfwv Meskas thiab Canadian tab tom ua cov kauj ruam los kho cov neeg sturgeon.

8. Lavxias teb sab sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 25 kg.

Tu siab, Lavxias teb sab sturgeon ze rau extinction. Nws nyob hauv cov dej loj, piv txwv li, Kuban thiab Volga (spawns muaj), nrog rau hauv hiav txwv: Caspian, Dub thiab Azov.

Kab mob thiab crustaceans yog zaub mov rau Lavxias teb sab sturgeon, thiab nws yeej tsis kam noj ntses. Nws lub plab yog lub teeb, thiab ob sab yog grey, sab nraub qaum hauv lub cev yog qhov tsaus ntuj tshaj plaws.

Hauv qhov chaw nyob, tus neeg sawv cev ntawm "sturgeon" tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog sterlet lossis stellate sturgeon. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim to taub dab tsi hom ntses no belongs rau, sturgeon lub antennae tsis loj hlob nyob ze ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tab sis nyob ze ntawm lub qhov ntswg, ntxiv rau, nws tshwm sim hais tias qhov ceeb thawj ntawm ib tug neeg laus nce mus txog 120 kg.

Qhov tseeb nthuav: Ib zaug ib tug loj sturgeon raug ntes nyob rau hauv lub Volga - nws mus txog ib tug ntev ntawm 7 m 80 cm, thiab hnyav txog 1440 kg!

7. Adriatic sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 25 kg.

Adriatic sturgeon belongs rau ib tug tsawg thiab me-study hom. Tam sim no, nws tsis tshua muaj heev nyob rau hauv Adriatic Hiav Txwv bass, hom no tej zaum yuav luag tuag, yog li nws tau teev nyob rau hauv IUCN Red List.

Tsoom fwv cov koom haum tab tom sim kho cov pej xeem. Lub Adriatic sturgeon tau piav qhia thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1836 los ntawm Fabkis biologist Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1803-1857).

Nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv, nws nyob ntawm qhov tob txog li 40 m, adheres rau lub pre-estuary seem ntawm rivulets. Qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm Adriatic sturgeon yog 200 cm, thiab qhov hnyav yog 25 kg. Kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov ntses muaj xws li cov ntses me me thiab cov pob txha.

6. ntsuab sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 25 kg.

ntsuab sturgeon (lwm yam Pacific) - ib qho ntawm cov ntses loj tshaj plaws ntawm "sturgeon" hauv North America. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 18 xyoo, ib tug sturgeon twb hnyav 25 kg. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev loj hlob sai, nrog rau lub neej expectancy ntawm 60 xyoo.

Cov tsiaj no yog me ntsis paub, ntxiv rau, txog thaum tsis ntev los no, cov kws tshawb fawb suav tias nws ploj mus. Nws yeej raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev vam meej, tab sis, nws tsim nyog zoo siab, tus sturgeon tseem ciaj sia thiab tseem sib ntaus!

Nyob rau hauv Russia, ntsuab sturgeon yog muaj nyob rau hauv Sakhalin, thiab nyob rau hauv Primorye. Feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tus dej Datta. Nws snout yog taw tes thiab elongated. Sab nraub qaum feem ntau yog txiv ntseej xim, tab sis muaj cov tib neeg thiab xim ntsuab tsaus.

5. siberian sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 34 kg.

siberian sturgeon - tus ntses nyob ntev, qhov nruab nrab nws nyob 50 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv me me thiab loj Siberian dej ntws. Nws hlob qeeb, maj mam nce qhov hnyav txog 25-35 kg.

Siberian sturgeon, zoo li lwm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg sturgeon, muaj cov kav hlau txais xov zoo ntawm nws lub puab tsaig. Lub qhov ncauj ntawm cov ntses yog retractable, tsis muaj hniav. Nws txawv ntawm lwm hom tsev neeg los ntawm lub taub hau taw thiab gill rakers, zoo li tus kiv cua hauv cov duab.

Nws pub cov kab, larvae, thiab kuj tsis averse mus noj mollusks thiab ntses. Ua lub neej coj cwj pwm. Yog hais tias Siberian sturgeon hla nrog sterlet, ces ib tug hybrid yuav yug los - ib tug bonfire.

4. Amur sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 37 kg.

Amur sturgeon (Aka shrenka) yog ib tug txheeb ze ntawm Siberian sturgeon. Nws tsis muaj hmoo zoo ib yam li lwm hom "sturgeon" - nws yog ze rau kev ploj tuag thiab, tau kawg, tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab.

Nws txawv ntawm lwm hom nyob rau hauv gill daim nyias nyias, lub qhov ncauj me me, thiab nws kuj tsis muaj daim hlau ntawm kab. Tsuas yog nyob hauv Amur hauv cheeb tsam los ntawm lub qhov ncauj mus rau Argun. Pib spawning thaum muaj hnub nyoog 14 xyoos.

Shrenka pub rau crustaceans, mayflies, kib thiab larvae. Nws tshwm sim tias sturgeon ncav cuag 80 kg. Txog ib nrab ntawm lub cev ntev yog tshwj tseg rau lub snout. Amur sturgeon nyiam ntws thiab ceev dej.

3. Stellat sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 90 kg.

Stellat sturgeon - ib tug txheeb ze ze ntawm pos thiab tsis muaj tsawg nthuav ntses - sterlet. Nws muaj lub cev elongated. Nws txawv ntawm lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg "sturgeon" los ntawm nws cov snout - lub taub hau ntawm sturgeon yog flattened rau lub ntsis. Lub snout yog 70% ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub taub hau. Lub nraub qaum yog xim av xim av, yuav luag dub, thaum lub sab yog sib dua.

Qhov hnyav ntawm cov neeg loj tshaj plaws qee zaum nce mus txog 90 kg (qhov hnyav tshaj plaws rau Danube). Stellat sturgeon feem ntau tshwm sim hauv Dub, Azov, thiab Caspian Seas. Nyob rau kwv yees li 30 xyoo. Kev noj zaub mov ntawm stellate sturgeon suav nrog worms, kib thiab ntau yam crustaceans.

2. Suav sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 200 kg.

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, Suav sturgeon belongs rau hom "laus tshaj plaws", thiab muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb txog 140 lab xyoo dhau los. Nws nyob hauv ntug dej hiav txwv Suav thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev vim muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev ploj tuag (rau kev ntes ntawm Suav sturgeon, raug rau txim loj heev - raug kaw ntev txog 20 xyoo).

Thaum mus txog rau hnub nyoog laus, sturgeon tsiv mus rau tus dej. Feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv tus dej Zhujiang thiab Yangtze. Suav sturgeon yog ib hom ntses dej qab tshaj plaws - lawv qhov hnyav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 200, 500 kg.

1. Atlantic sturgeon

Tus neeg laus hnyav: 250 kg.

Nyob rau hauv Russia Atlantic sturgeon tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov dej ntawm thaj av Kaliningrad. Nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws, nws yog nyob rau hauv nruj lub xeev kev tiv thaiv, vim hais tias. tus neeg sawv cev loj tshaj plaws ntawm tsev neeg sturgeon yog ze rau kev tuag.

Atlantic sturgeon tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm nws cov tsos - nws ob lub qhov muag nyob rau sab sauv ntawm lub taub hau, lawv loj loj, thiab lub taub hau yog elongated.

Lub cev qauv zoo li tus shark. Ntses siv feem ntau ntawm lawv lub neej nyob rau hauv ntug dej hiav txwv. Lub neej expectancy ntawm sturgeon tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100 xyoo.