Kua zaub mov rau guinea npua
Cov khoom noj muaj kua muaj xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, hauv paus qoob loo thiab gourds. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau noj zoo los ntawm cov tsiaj, muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, muaj cov nplua nuj nyob hauv cov carbohydrates yooj yim digestible, tab sis kuj tsis tshua muaj protein, rog thiab minerals, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tseem ceeb xws li calcium thiab phosphorus.
Daj thiab liab ntau yam ntawm carrots, muaj ntau carotene, yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws succulent pub los ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo. Lawv feem ntau pub rau cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, yug me nyuam txiv neej thaum lub sij hawm mating, nrog rau cov tsiaj hluas.
Los ntawm lwm cov qoob loo hauv paus, tsiaj txaus siab noj qab zib beets, rutabaga, turnips, thiab turnips.
rutabaga (Brassica napus L. subsp. napus) yog bred rau nws cov hauv paus hniav. Cov xim ntawm cov hauv paus hniav yog dawb los yog daj, thiab sab sauv ntawm nws, protruding los ntawm cov av, tau ib tug ntsuab, reddish-xim av los yog liab doog tan. Cov nqaij ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo yog muaj kua, ntom, daj, tsis tshua muaj xim dawb, qab zib, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb saj ntawm mustard roj. Lub hauv paus swede muaj 11-17% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 5-10% suab thaj, feem ntau yog cov piam thaj, txog li 2% crude protein, 1,2% fiber, 0,2% rog, thiab 23-70 mg% ascorbic acid. . (vitamin C), vitamins ntawm pab pawg B thiab P, ntsev ntawm poov tshuaj, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, magnesium, sulfur. Cov qoob loo hauv paus tau zoo khaws cia hauv qab daus thiab cellars ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab nyob twj ywm tshiab yuav luag txhua xyoo puag ncig. Cov qoob loo hauv paus thiab nplooj (sab saum toj) txaus siab noj los ntawm cov tsiaj hauv tsev, yog li rutabaga tau loj hlob ob qho tib si ua zaub mov thiab qoob loo.
Carrots (Daucus sativus (Hoffm.) Roehl) yog cov nroj tsuag biennial los ntawm tsev neeg Orchidaceae uas yog cov qoob loo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws cov cag qoob loo tau yooj yim noj txhua yam tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib. Tshwj xeeb ntau yam ntawm fodder carrots tau bred, uas yog txawv los ntawm loj hauv paus loj thiab, yog li ntawd, high yields. Tsis tsuas yog cov hauv paus qoob loo, tab sis kuj nplooj carrot yog siv rau zaub mov. Carrots muaj 10-19% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog txog li 2,5% protein thiab txog li 12% qab zib. Cov suab thaj muab lub qab ntxiag saj ntawm carrot cag. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv paus qoob loo muaj pectin, vitamins C (txog 20 mg%), B1, B2, B6, E, K, P, PP, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, cobalt, boron, chromium, tooj liab, iodine thiab lwm yam kab. cov ntsiab lus. Tab sis lub siab concentration ntawm carotene dye nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav (txog 37 mg%) muab ib tug tshwj xeeb tus nqi rau carrots. Hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu, carotene hloov mus rau hauv vitamin A, uas feem ntau tsis txaus. Yog li, noj carrots tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau vim nws cov khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis vim nws muab lub cev nrog yuav luag tag nrho cov vitamins nws xav tau.
Ntshav (Brassica rapa L.) yog zus rau nws cov cag qoob loo. Cov nqaij ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo yog muaj kua, daj los yog dawb, nrog ib tug peculiar qab ntxiag saj. Lawv muaj li ntawm 8 mus rau 17% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 3,5-9%. Qab Zib, feem ntau yog cov piam thaj, txog li 2% cov protein tsis txaus, 1.4% fiber ntau, 0,1% rog, nrog rau 19-73 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C), 0,08-0,12 mg% thiamine ( vitamin B1), me ntsis riboflavin (vitamin B2), carotene (provitamin A), nicotinic acid (vitamin PP), ntsev ntawm poov tshuaj, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, magnesium, sulfur. Cov roj mustard muaj nyob rau hauv nws muab ib tug tshwj xeeb aroma thiab pungent saj rau lub hauv paus turnip. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov qoob loo hauv paus yog khaws cia hauv cellars thiab cellars. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws preservation yog guaranteed nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 0 ° txog 1 ° C, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias cov keeb kwm yog sprinkled nrog qhuav xuab zeb los yog peat chips. Turnip stern tsev hais plaub yog hu ua turnips. Tsis tsuas yog hauv paus qoob loo yog pub, tab sis kuj turnip nplooj.
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. esculenta Guerke), ib tsob nroj biennial los ntawm tsev neeg haze, yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws succulent fodder. Cov qoob loo hauv paus ntawm ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov duab, qhov loj, xim. Feem ntau, lub hauv paus qoob loo ntawm lub rooj beet tsis pub tshaj ib nrab ib kilogram qhov hnyav nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10-20 cm. Lub pulp ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntxoov liab thiab crimson. Nplooj nrog cordate-ovate phaj thiab ntev petioles. Lub petiole thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab feem ntau yog xim burgundy, feem ntau tag nrho cov nplooj nplooj yog liab-ntsuab.
Ob lub hauv paus thiab nplooj thiab lawv cov petioles tau noj. Cov qoob loo hauv paus muaj 14-20% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 8-12,5% qab zib, sawv cev feem ntau yog sucrose, 1-2,4% crude protein, txog 1,2% pectin, 0,7% fiber, thiab kuj mus txog 25 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamins B1, B2, P thiab PP, malic, tartaric, lactic acids, ntsev ntawm poov tshuaj, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, magnesium. Hauv beet petioles, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamin C yog ntau dua li hauv paus qoob loo - txog li 50 mg%.
Beets kuj yooj yim vim tias lawv cov qoob loo hauv paus, piv nrog rau lwm cov zaub, yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pom kev zoo - lawv tsis deteriorate rau lub sij hawm ntev thaum lub sij hawm cia, lawv yooj yim khaws cia kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, uas tso cai rau lawv noj tshiab yuav luag tag nrho. xyoo puag ncig. Txawm hais tias lawv ua ntxhib thiab tawv tib lub sijhawm, qhov no tsis yog teeb meem rau cov nas, lawv txaus siab noj cov beets.
Rau fodder lub hom phiaj, tshwj xeeb ntau yam ntawm beets tau bred. Cov xim ntawm fodder beet keeb kwm yog txawv heev - los ntawm yuav luag dawb mus rau khaus daj, txiv kab ntxwv, liab thiab reddish. Lawv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm 6-12% qab zib, qee yam ntawm cov protein thiab cov vitamins.
Hauv paus thiab tuber qoob loo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pub tsiaj. Cov qoob loo hauv paus (turnips, beets, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau muab raw rau hauv daim ntawv hlais; lawv yog pre-ntxuav los ntawm hauv av thiab ntxuav.
Cov zaub thiab cov hauv paus qoob loo tau npaj rau kev pub noj raws li hauv qab no: lawv txheeb, muab pov tseg rotten, flabby, discolored hauv paus qoob loo, kuj tshem tawm cov av, khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam. Ces txiav tawm cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam nrog ib rab riam, ntxuav thiab txiav mus rau hauv me me pieces.
Gourds - taub dag, zucchini, fodder watermelon - muaj dej ntau (90% lossis ntau dua), vim tias lawv cov khoom noj khoom haus tag nrho qis, tab sis lawv tau noj los ntawm cov tsiaj txaus siab heev. Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L var, giromontia Duch.) yog cov qoob loo zoo. Nws yog zus rau nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncav cuag kev lag luam (tshwj xeeb) ripeness 40-60 hnub tom qab germination. Nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm kev ripeness, daim tawv nqaij ntawm zucchini yog heev mos, cov nqaij yog muaj kua, dawb, thiab cov noob tseem tsis tau npog nrog ib tug tawv plhaub. Lub pulp ntawm squash txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj los ntawm 4 mus rau 12% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 2-2,5% suab thaj, pectin, 12-40 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm squash ncav cuag lom ripeness, lawv cov khoom noj muaj nqis poob qis, vim hais tias cov nqaij poob nws cov kua thiab yuav luag zoo li tawv tawv, nyob rau hauv uas ib txheej ntawm mechanical ntaub so ntswg - sclerenchyma - tsim. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav ntawm zucchini tsuas yog tsim rau cov tsiaj nyeg pub. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Biologically haum cucumbers yog 6-15-hnub-laus zes qe menyuam. Lawv cov xim nyob rau hauv kev lag luam (xws li unripe) yog ntsuab, nrog tag nrho cov lom ripeness lawv ua daj, xim av los yog tawm-dawb. Cucumbers muaj los ntawm 2 mus rau 6% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 1-2,5% suab thaj, 0,5-1% crude protein, 0,7% fiber, 0,1% rog, thiab mus txog 20 mg% carotene (provitamin A. ), vitamins B1, B2, ib co kab kawm (tshwj xeeb yog iodine), calcium ntsev (txog 150 mg%), sodium, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, thiab lwm yam tshwj xeeb hais txog yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cucurbitacin glycoside muaj nyob rau hauv dib. Feem ntau peb tsis pom nws, tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov tshuaj no accumulates, lub dib los yog nws tus kheej qhov chaw, feem ntau cov ntaub so ntswg nto, ua iab, inedible. 94-98% ntawm qhov loj ntawm dib yog dej, yog li ntawd, cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov zaub no tsawg. Dib txhawb kev nqus tau zoo ntawm lwm cov khoom noj, tshwj xeeb, txhim kho kev nqus ntawm cov rog. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag no muaj cov enzymes uas ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov vitamins B.
Cov khoom noj muaj kua muaj xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, hauv paus qoob loo thiab gourds. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau noj zoo los ntawm cov tsiaj, muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, muaj cov nplua nuj nyob hauv cov carbohydrates yooj yim digestible, tab sis kuj tsis tshua muaj protein, rog thiab minerals, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tseem ceeb xws li calcium thiab phosphorus.
Daj thiab liab ntau yam ntawm carrots, muaj ntau carotene, yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws succulent pub los ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo. Lawv feem ntau pub rau cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, yug me nyuam txiv neej thaum lub sij hawm mating, nrog rau cov tsiaj hluas.
Los ntawm lwm cov qoob loo hauv paus, tsiaj txaus siab noj qab zib beets, rutabaga, turnips, thiab turnips.
rutabaga (Brassica napus L. subsp. napus) yog bred rau nws cov hauv paus hniav. Cov xim ntawm cov hauv paus hniav yog dawb los yog daj, thiab sab sauv ntawm nws, protruding los ntawm cov av, tau ib tug ntsuab, reddish-xim av los yog liab doog tan. Cov nqaij ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo yog muaj kua, ntom, daj, tsis tshua muaj xim dawb, qab zib, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb saj ntawm mustard roj. Lub hauv paus swede muaj 11-17% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 5-10% suab thaj, feem ntau yog cov piam thaj, txog li 2% crude protein, 1,2% fiber, 0,2% rog, thiab 23-70 mg% ascorbic acid. . (vitamin C), vitamins ntawm pab pawg B thiab P, ntsev ntawm poov tshuaj, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, magnesium, sulfur. Cov qoob loo hauv paus tau zoo khaws cia hauv qab daus thiab cellars ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab nyob twj ywm tshiab yuav luag txhua xyoo puag ncig. Cov qoob loo hauv paus thiab nplooj (sab saum toj) txaus siab noj los ntawm cov tsiaj hauv tsev, yog li rutabaga tau loj hlob ob qho tib si ua zaub mov thiab qoob loo.
Carrots (Daucus sativus (Hoffm.) Roehl) yog cov nroj tsuag biennial los ntawm tsev neeg Orchidaceae uas yog cov qoob loo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, nws cov cag qoob loo tau yooj yim noj txhua yam tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib. Tshwj xeeb ntau yam ntawm fodder carrots tau bred, uas yog txawv los ntawm loj hauv paus loj thiab, yog li ntawd, high yields. Tsis tsuas yog cov hauv paus qoob loo, tab sis kuj nplooj carrot yog siv rau zaub mov. Carrots muaj 10-19% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog txog li 2,5% protein thiab txog li 12% qab zib. Cov suab thaj muab lub qab ntxiag saj ntawm carrot cag. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv paus qoob loo muaj pectin, vitamins C (txog 20 mg%), B1, B2, B6, E, K, P, PP, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, cobalt, boron, chromium, tooj liab, iodine thiab lwm yam kab. cov ntsiab lus. Tab sis lub siab concentration ntawm carotene dye nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav (txog 37 mg%) muab ib tug tshwj xeeb tus nqi rau carrots. Hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu, carotene hloov mus rau hauv vitamin A, uas feem ntau tsis txaus. Yog li, noj carrots tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau vim nws cov khoom noj khoom haus, tab sis vim nws muab lub cev nrog yuav luag tag nrho cov vitamins nws xav tau.
Ntshav (Brassica rapa L.) yog zus rau nws cov cag qoob loo. Cov nqaij ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo yog muaj kua, daj los yog dawb, nrog ib tug peculiar qab ntxiag saj. Lawv muaj li ntawm 8 mus rau 17% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 3,5-9%. Qab Zib, feem ntau yog cov piam thaj, txog li 2% cov protein tsis txaus, 1.4% fiber ntau, 0,1% rog, nrog rau 19-73 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C), 0,08-0,12 mg% thiamine ( vitamin B1), me ntsis riboflavin (vitamin B2), carotene (provitamin A), nicotinic acid (vitamin PP), ntsev ntawm poov tshuaj, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, magnesium, sulfur. Cov roj mustard muaj nyob rau hauv nws muab ib tug tshwj xeeb aroma thiab pungent saj rau lub hauv paus turnip. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov qoob loo hauv paus yog khaws cia hauv cellars thiab cellars. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws preservation yog guaranteed nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 0 ° txog 1 ° C, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias cov keeb kwm yog sprinkled nrog qhuav xuab zeb los yog peat chips. Turnip stern tsev hais plaub yog hu ua turnips. Tsis tsuas yog hauv paus qoob loo yog pub, tab sis kuj turnip nplooj.
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. esculenta Guerke), ib tsob nroj biennial los ntawm tsev neeg haze, yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws succulent fodder. Cov qoob loo hauv paus ntawm ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov duab, qhov loj, xim. Feem ntau, lub hauv paus qoob loo ntawm lub rooj beet tsis pub tshaj ib nrab ib kilogram qhov hnyav nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10-20 cm. Lub pulp ntawm cov hauv paus qoob loo tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntxoov liab thiab crimson. Nplooj nrog cordate-ovate phaj thiab ntev petioles. Lub petiole thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab feem ntau yog xim burgundy, feem ntau tag nrho cov nplooj nplooj yog liab-ntsuab.
Ob lub hauv paus thiab nplooj thiab lawv cov petioles tau noj. Cov qoob loo hauv paus muaj 14-20% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 8-12,5% qab zib, sawv cev feem ntau yog sucrose, 1-2,4% crude protein, txog 1,2% pectin, 0,7% fiber, thiab kuj mus txog 25 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamins B1, B2, P thiab PP, malic, tartaric, lactic acids, ntsev ntawm poov tshuaj, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, magnesium. Hauv beet petioles, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov vitamin C yog ntau dua li hauv paus qoob loo - txog li 50 mg%.
Beets kuj yooj yim vim tias lawv cov qoob loo hauv paus, piv nrog rau lwm cov zaub, yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pom kev zoo - lawv tsis deteriorate rau lub sij hawm ntev thaum lub sij hawm cia, lawv yooj yim khaws cia kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, uas tso cai rau lawv noj tshiab yuav luag tag nrho. xyoo puag ncig. Txawm hais tias lawv ua ntxhib thiab tawv tib lub sijhawm, qhov no tsis yog teeb meem rau cov nas, lawv txaus siab noj cov beets.
Rau fodder lub hom phiaj, tshwj xeeb ntau yam ntawm beets tau bred. Cov xim ntawm fodder beet keeb kwm yog txawv heev - los ntawm yuav luag dawb mus rau khaus daj, txiv kab ntxwv, liab thiab reddish. Lawv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm 6-12% qab zib, qee yam ntawm cov protein thiab cov vitamins.
Hauv paus thiab tuber qoob loo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pub tsiaj. Cov qoob loo hauv paus (turnips, beets, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau muab raw rau hauv daim ntawv hlais; lawv yog pre-ntxuav los ntawm hauv av thiab ntxuav.
Cov zaub thiab cov hauv paus qoob loo tau npaj rau kev pub noj raws li hauv qab no: lawv txheeb, muab pov tseg rotten, flabby, discolored hauv paus qoob loo, kuj tshem tawm cov av, khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam. Ces txiav tawm cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam nrog ib rab riam, ntxuav thiab txiav mus rau hauv me me pieces.
Gourds - taub dag, zucchini, fodder watermelon - muaj dej ntau (90% lossis ntau dua), vim tias lawv cov khoom noj khoom haus tag nrho qis, tab sis lawv tau noj los ntawm cov tsiaj txaus siab heev. Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L var, giromontia Duch.) yog cov qoob loo zoo. Nws yog zus rau nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncav cuag kev lag luam (tshwj xeeb) ripeness 40-60 hnub tom qab germination. Nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm kev ripeness, daim tawv nqaij ntawm zucchini yog heev mos, cov nqaij yog muaj kua, dawb, thiab cov noob tseem tsis tau npog nrog ib tug tawv plhaub. Lub pulp ntawm squash txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj los ntawm 4 mus rau 12% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 2-2,5% suab thaj, pectin, 12-40 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm squash ncav cuag lom ripeness, lawv cov khoom noj muaj nqis poob qis, vim hais tias cov nqaij poob nws cov kua thiab yuav luag zoo li tawv tawv, nyob rau hauv uas ib txheej ntawm mechanical ntaub so ntswg - sclerenchyma - tsim. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav ntawm zucchini tsuas yog tsim rau cov tsiaj nyeg pub. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Biologically haum cucumbers yog 6-15-hnub-laus zes qe menyuam. Lawv cov xim nyob rau hauv kev lag luam (xws li unripe) yog ntsuab, nrog tag nrho cov lom ripeness lawv ua daj, xim av los yog tawm-dawb. Cucumbers muaj los ntawm 2 mus rau 6% cov khoom qhuav, suav nrog 1-2,5% suab thaj, 0,5-1% crude protein, 0,7% fiber, 0,1% rog, thiab mus txog 20 mg% carotene (provitamin A. ), vitamins B1, B2, ib co kab kawm (tshwj xeeb yog iodine), calcium ntsev (txog 150 mg%), sodium, calcium, phosphorus, hlau, thiab lwm yam tshwj xeeb hais txog yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cucurbitacin glycoside muaj nyob rau hauv dib. Feem ntau peb tsis pom nws, tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov tshuaj no accumulates, lub dib los yog nws tus kheej qhov chaw, feem ntau cov ntaub so ntswg nto, ua iab, inedible. 94-98% ntawm qhov loj ntawm dib yog dej, yog li ntawd, cov zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm cov zaub no tsawg. Dib txhawb kev nqus tau zoo ntawm lwm cov khoom noj, tshwj xeeb, txhim kho kev nqus ntawm cov rog. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag no muaj cov enzymes uas ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov vitamins B.
Ntsuab zaub mov rau guinea npua
Guinea npua yog cov neeg tsis noj nqaij, yog li zaub mov ntsuab yog lub hauv paus ntawm lawv cov zaub mov. Yog xav paub txog dab tsi tshuaj ntsuab thiab nroj tsuag tuaj yeem siv los ua zaub mov ntsuab rau npua, nyeem tsab xov xwm.
Koj Yuav Tsis tas li ntawd Xav
Cov tsiaj ntawm guinea npua nrog cov duab thiab npe
Hamster log: hom thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv (duab)
